volvoxvsmarla

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Joined 2 years ago
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Cake day: July 6th, 2023

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  • Again - there is and must be a distinction between the blame, responsibility and guilt of an 18 year old uneducated soldier, nurse etc and a political leader. But this does not automatically absolve the former from all responsibility and guilt. You should and hopefully do focus on the latter’s guilt and responsibility, as it is much larger than the others’. Focussing on the people who follow orders is not what I would advertise for and this isn’t the intent, it is actually the exact opposite. By differentiating different aspects and kinds of guilt you have tools and language at hand to talk about it without putting everyone in the same boat.

    It is not a black and white issue. Everyone got blood on their hands - you and me included - just in different amounts, in different ways.


  • Very honestly - I’ve still not read the book entirely and I have started because I felt some feeling of guilt myself for being a Russian living outside Russia. I think that’s actually exactly what Jaspers, along with his students (the book is basically a dialectic lecture written down with results of work of his class from one semester), was trying to figure out. So I am not the best person to lecture you about that.

    From as far as I have read these distinctions are exactly what allow people to talk about guilt, responsibility, trauma, the past, etc, without judging everyone by the same standards. Like, a criminal is judged by the court who defines for a crime they committed. A politician who took part in ordering crimes will be judged by the victor of a war. A soldier (just like a secretary) will be judged in dialogue with others and by his conscience for their individual actions, even if they were following orders. And a normal person who looked away or didn’t actively do their best to stop the atrocities that happen in the world, well, this person’s metaphysical guilt can basically only be judged by a metaphysical instance itself, be it God or another undefined transcendence. Basically all of us bear the latter.

    They are very distinct and do not have the same repercussions. It is without doubt that political leaders have a much different, much more facetted responsibility for crimes committed. And we should focus on that. But this does not clean the people who followed their orders from all guilt, and their responsibility and crimes (against humanity) will be judged, just in a different way.

    Edit: I’ve added a better phrased summary in my original comment above, since I have realized that translating German political philosophy isn’t my strength exactly.


  • In the aftermath of World War II, Carl Jaspers formulated in Die Schuldfrage that there are four types of guilt (/responsibility). Criminal guilt, political guilt, moral guilt, and metaphysical guilt. It is a great distinction in general. Yes, political leaders bear a different kind of guilt for the actions than the soldiers, but acting on clearly morally wrong commands do not obliterate guilt from the soldiers. Just like everyone who basically didn’t give their life in pursuit of the good and the right bears some metaphysical guilt for what is happening in the world.

    Edit: I realized that, since I am neither an English native, nor very articulate in philosophy or politics, I would rather ask perplexity for a summary. So here it is: Karl Jaspers, in his work The Question of German Guilt, distinguishes four categories of guilt and assigns specific instances to each:

    1. Criminal Guilt:

      Definition: Violations of objectively provable laws that are legally considered crimes.

      Instance: The court, which determines the facts and applies the laws in formal proceedings.

    2. Political Guilt:

      Definition: Arises from the actions of statesmen and the shared responsibility of every citizen for the government of their state.

      Instance: The power and will of the victor, especially after a lost war, as in the case of Germany after World War II.

    3. Moral Guilt:

      Definition: Refers to individual actions for which every person is morally responsible, even if carried out under orders.

      Instance: One’s own conscience and dialogue with others.

    4. Metaphysical Guilt:

      Definition: A shared responsibility for all injustice in the world, based on human solidarity. It arises when one does not do everything possible to prevent injustice.

      Instance: God or transcendence.

    Jaspers emphasizes that this differentiation is meant to avoid simplistic or generalized accusations of guilt. He rejects the idea of collective criminal or moral guilt for an entire people, arguing that guilt is always individual.





  • I’m a parent too, and here are my thoughts on this. I would rather knowingly live next to a pedophile - someone who outs themselves and goes to therapy - than not knowing about whether or not my neighbor has ever had such tendencies. I wouldn’t forbid them from having contact with my child, if they are sure it is not too hard for them, and obviously, keep them supervised. (I have barely ever left my child with another adult outside of the kindergarten setting though.) As was commented above, pedophilia is a valid and incredibly unfortunate, isolating and lonely sexual orientation and a disorder that can be treated, if not “cured”. I wholeheartedly agree with what you said about society’s hostile mentality driving people into the shadows and keeping them from seeking help.

    I also want to point out that the majority of minor sex offenders (sorry I can’t remember the correct term, English isn’t my first language) has no pedophilic tendencies. A lot of sexual assault happens not because of attraction but because of power, dominance, violence, control. It’s something so important to keep in mind. Your local pedo might be the nicest and most harmless guy, while some other, heterosexual and “normal” oriented person in your neighborhood might have actually assaulted a child. Not having pedophilic tendencies does not mean a person won’t commit pedophilic acts.

    In a way, my heart goes out to pedophiles. I can’t imagine how incredibly lonely it must be to have a desire for intimacy only with people who you will never, under any circumstances, be allowed to touch. You will never be able to act on your desires. You will never be allowed to live like yourself, be yourself fully. This must be hell. Even without the witch hunt. The least we can do as a society is to offer all the help and support we can get.

    (It goes without saying - fuck all sexual offenders.)


  • About a month ago I had the flu - the real flu - for the first time either in ages, or in my life, and I actually had gotten vaccinated in autumn, and man, I thought I was dying. For two weeks I couldn’t do anything. Just looking at the stairs gave me endocarditis. I never run fevers and I was just popping painkillers to keep it under 40 degrees. That was nuts. So during and afterwards I mostly been thinking about three things: 1. I would have died for real if I didn’t have some basic protection from the vaccine, 2. I want a vaccine against the common cold as well, and 3. Jesus Christ please I don’t want to die from a stupid cold or flu, at least make it Covid, but that’s such a lowball way to go



  • Legumes like beans, lentils, peas, hummus, chickpeas,

    Oats, quinoa, amaranth, buckwheat, whole wheat products,

    Tofu in its various forms, including silk tofu as egg replacement in pancakes,

    Other “meat substitutes” like seitan or sunflower seed mince,

    Nuts, nut butters, nut flour,

    Dairy products such as cottage cheese, joghurt,

    Soy milk

    I mean for real, eggs are super unnecessary for a protein rich or healthy diet. I would argue that unless you literally want to treat yourself with a sunny side up or an omelette you shouldn’t be using eggs at all. I like eggs, but a dozen lasts us (family of 3) a month easily.


  • I’m not so sure what cardboard/paper you mean? If you mean something like the paper cups that coffee comes in, they also contain plastic. Dirty paper/cardboard can also not be recycled, so your pizza carton ends up in a landfill or burned. And what do you mean by foil? Genuinely curious.

    In my area a lot of takeout places now offer reusable options for a deposit. Usually it is a cardboard with plastic lining container if it is one way. Except the Asian takeout places, they are all over the place from classic black plastic to aluminum containers to styropor to - circling back - the plastic carton stuff.




  • Zelenskyy would probably get more support from his people if he told trump to get fucked

    Oh how I wish this was true but a lot of Ukrainians are so weary they really just want the war to end and are frustrated with Zelensky. Believe me not everyone has the moral high ground or integrity, many, many just want him to make any kind of deal, no matter how big the insult and humiliation are.

    (“Moral high ground” and “integrity” are very heavy words in this context. Right now, after just watching the argument, I am a bit speechless and can’t find better words. But please know that I do not want to refer to these people as having no integrity, morals, ideals, etc. They are desperate and have lost so much I can’t even put it in words.)



  • Oh I remember flying Frankfurt to Chicago with American Airlines! I mean we were 23 hours late because we had two emergency landings in Canada since our turbine caught fire twice and somehow had to stand in line for 6-7 hours for passport control in Canada to change the plane eventually - but they did have warm and nice food as well as beverages and even provided us with snacks and beverages while we were waiting inside the plane during the inspections! I mean we would have appreciated it if they had informed our relatives that we didn’t die since there was apparently no information on our flight passed on whatsoever on either side of the atlantic and everyone thought we were dead (this was 2008, we were all teenagers and no one had any cell phone connection in Goose Bay), but the food was indeed nice. Pros and cons.


  • This has little to do with a flight being international or not, or where it starts. It depends on the airline and its policies. For example: Aeroflot serves “real” food starting from 3 hour flights. Munich to St Petersburg is 2 hours 55 minutes, so you get a horrible sandwich that haunts me to this day. But at least you get non alcoholic beverages for free. If you fly this route with Lufthansa, you get a warm meal with a free beer.

    The flight I was referring to (Rome - New York and back) was a Lufthansa flight, but operated by Eurowings. They are a cheap airline, and it depended on your ticket whether or not food and one beverage was included or not. Most people did not have food included in their ticket, they still could buy some on board for like 18€. Only a small bottle of water was provided, although the flight was 6 hours.

    Munich to Brussels is 55 minutes. Lufthansa gives you crackers and a non alcoholic beverage for free, and they struggle for their lives to get that to you in such a short period of time.